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Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2001) - Paraguay (2001)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2001) z Paraguay (2001)

 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2001)Paraguay (2001)
 Ashmore and Cartier IslandsParaguay
Administrative divisions - 17 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) and one capital city; Alto Paraguay, Alto Parana, Amambay, Asuncion (city), Boqueron, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Misiones, Neembucu, Paraguari, Presidente Hayes, San Pedro
Age structure - 0-14 years:
38.9% (male 1,133,306; female 1,097,360)

15-64 years:
56.39% (male 1,622,743; female 1,610,659)

65 years and over:
4.71% (male 124,321; female 145,750) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products - cotton, sugarcane, soybeans, corn, wheat, tobacco, cassava (yucca), fruits, vegetables; beef, pork, eggs, milk; timber
Airports - 915 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total:
11

over 3,047 m:
3

1,524 to 2,437 m:
4

914 to 1,523 m:
4 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
904

1,524 to 2,437 m:
29

914 to 1,523 m:
340

under 914 m:
535 (2000 est.)
Area total:
5 sq km

land:
5 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island		 total:
406,750 sq km

land:
397,300 sq km

water:
9,450 sq km
Area - comparative about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly smaller than California
Background These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983 it became a National Nature Reserve. Recent geological explorations have indicated promising petroleum formations. In the disastrous War of the Triple Alliance (1865-70), Paraguay lost two-thirds of all adult males and much of its territory. It stagnated economically for the next half century. In the Chaco War of 1932-35, large, economically important areas were won from Bolivia. The 35-year military dictatorship of Alfredo STROESSNER was overthrown in 1989, and, despite a marked increase in political infighting in recent years, relatively free and regular presidential elections have been held since then.
Birth rate - 30.88 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget - revenues:
$1.3 billion

expenditures:
$2 billion, including capital expenditures of $700 million (1999 est.)
Capital - Asuncion
Climate tropical subtropical to temperate; substantial rainfall in the eastern portions, becoming semiarid in the far west
Coastline 74.1 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution - promulgated 20 June 1992
Country name conventional long form:
Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands

conventional short form:
Ashmore and Cartier Islands		 conventional long form:
Republic of Paraguay

conventional short form:
Paraguay

local long form:
Republica del Paraguay

local short form:
Paraguay
Currency - guarani (PYG)
Death rate - 4.75 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external - $3 billion (2000 est.)
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission:
Ambassador David N. GREENLEE

embassy:
1776 Avenida Mariscal Lopez, Casilla Postal 402, Asuncion

mailing address:
Unit 4711, APO AA 34036-0001

telephone:
[595] (21) 213-715

FAX:
[595] (21) 213-728
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission:
Ambassador Leila RACHID

chancery:
2400 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 483-6960 through 6962

FAX:
[1] (202) 234-4508

consulate(s) general:
Detroit (honorary), Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Juan (honorary)
Disputes - international none -
Economic aid - recipient - $NA
Economy - overview no economic activity Paraguay has a market economy marked by a large informal sector. The informal sector features both reexport of imported consumer goods to neighboring countries as well as the activities of thousands of microenterprises and urban street vendors. Because of the importance of the informal sector, accurate economic measures are difficult to obtain. A large percentage of the population derives their living from agricultural activity, often on a subsistence basis. The formal economy grew by an average of about 3% annually in 1995-97, but GDP declined slightly in 1998 and 1999. On a per capita basis, real income has stagnated at 1980 levels. Most observers attribute Paraguay's poor economic performance to political uncertainty, corruption, lack of progress on structural reform, substantial internal and external debt, and deficient infrastructure. Growth rebounded slightly in 2000.
Electricity - consumption - 1.915 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 46.03 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 51.554 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
0.07%

hydro:
99.79%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0.15% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location 3 m		 lowest point:
junction of Rio Paraguay and Rio Parana 46 m

highest point:
Cerro Pero (Cerro Tres Kandu) 842 m
Environment - current issues NA deforestation (an estimated 2 million hectares of forest land were lost from 1958-85); water pollution; inadequate means for waste disposal present health risks for many urban residents
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups - mestizo (mixed Spanish and Amerindian) 95%
Exchange rates - guarani per US dollar - 3,570.0 (January 2001), 3,486.4 (2000), 3,119.1 (1999), 2,726.5 (1998), 2,177.9 (1997), 2,056.8 (1996); note - since early 1998, the exchange rate has operated as a managed float; prior to that, the exchange rate was determined freely in the market
Executive branch - chief of state:
President Luis GONZALEZ MACCHI (since 28 March 1999); vice president Julio Cesar FRANCO (since NA August 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Luis GONZALEZ MACCHI (since 28 March 1999); vice president Julio Cesar FRANCO (since NA August 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Council of Ministers nominated by the president

elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 10 May 1998 (next to be held NA May 2003)

election results:
Raul CUBAS Grau elected president; percent of vote - 55.3%; resigned 28 March 1999

note:
President Luis GONZALEZ MACCHI, formerly president of the Chamber of Senators, constitutionally succeeded President Raul CUBAS Grau, who resigned after being impeached soon after the assassination of Vice President Luis Maria ARGANA; the successor to ARGANA was decided in an election held in August 2000
Exports - $3.5 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities - electricity, soybeans, feed, cotton, meat, edible oils
Exports - partners - Brazil, Argentina, EU
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of Australia is used three equal, horizontal bands of red (top), white, and blue with an emblem centered in the white band; unusual flag in that the emblem is different on each side; the obverse (hoist side at the left) bears the national coat of arms (a yellow five-pointed star within a green wreath capped by the words REPUBLICA DEL PARAGUAY, all within two circles); the reverse (hoist side at the right) bears the seal of the treasury (a yellow lion below a red Cap of Liberty and the words Paz y Justicia (Peace and Justice) capped by the words REPUBLICA DEL PARAGUAY, all within two circles)
GDP - purchasing power parity - $26.2 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
28%

industry:
21%

services:
51% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $4,750 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 1% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 14 S, 123 05 E 23 00 S, 58 00 W
Geography - note Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983 landlocked; lies between Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil
Highways - total:
25,901 km

paved:
3,067 km

unpaved:
22,834 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
0.7%

highest 10%:
46.6% (1995)
Illicit drugs - illicit producer of cannabis, most or all of which is consumed in South America; transshipment country for Andean cocaine headed for Southern Cone markets and Europe
Imports - $3.3 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities - road vehicles, consumer goods, tobacco, petroleum products, electrical machinery
Imports - partners - Brazil, US, Argentina, Uruguay, EU, Hong Kong
Independence - 14 May 1811 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate - 0% (2000 est.)
Industries - sugar, cement, textiles, beverages, wood products
Infant mortality rate - 29.78 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 8% (2000 est.)
International organization participation - CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMEE, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 4 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1993) 670 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch - Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (judges appointed on the proposal of the Counsel of Magistrates or Consejo de la Magistratura)
Labor force - 2 million (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture 45%
Land boundaries 0 km total:
3,920 km

border countries:
Argentina 1,880 km, Bolivia 750 km, Brazil 1,290 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100% (all grass and sand)		 arable land:
6%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
55%

forests and woodland:
32%

other:
7% (1993 est.)
Languages - Spanish (official), Guarani (official)
Legal system the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply based on Argentine codes, Roman law, and French codes; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court of Justice
Legislative branch - bicameral Congress or Congreso consists of the Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados (80 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
Chamber of Senators - last held 10 May 1998 (next to be held NA May 2003); Chamber of Deputies - last held 10 May 1998 (next to be held NA May 2003)

election results:
Chamber of Senators - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Colorado Party 25, PLRA 13, PEN 7; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Colorado Party 45, PLRA 26, PEN 9
Life expectancy at birth - total population:
73.92 years

male:
71.44 years

female:
76.52 years (2001 est.)
Literacy - definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
92.1%

male:
93.5%

female:
90.6% (1995 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Australia Central South America, northeast of Argentina
Map references Southeast Asia South America
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
12 NM

continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
3 NM		 none (landlocked)
Merchant marine - total:
20 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 31,066 GRT/35,441 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 14, chemical tanker 1, petroleum tanker 3, roll on/roll off 2 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force -
Military branches - Army, Navy (includes Naval Air and Marines), Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $125 million (FY98)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.4% (FY98)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
1,388,436 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
1,001,516 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 17 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
58,359 (2001 est.)
National holiday - Independence Day, 14 May (1811)
Nationality - noun:
Paraguayan(s)

adjective:
Paraguayan
Natural hazards surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards local flooding in southeast (early September to June); poorly drained plains may become boggy (early October to June)
Natural resources fish hydropower, timber, iron ore, manganese, limestone
Net migration rate - -0.09 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Authentic Radical Liberal Party or PLRA [Miguel Abdon SAGUIER]; Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Adalina GUITERREZ DE GALEANO]; Febrerista Revolutionary Party or PRF [Carlos Maria LJUBETIC]; National Encounter or PEN [Euclides ACEVEDO]; National Republican Association - Colorado Party [acting president Bader RACHID LICHI]
Political pressure groups and leaders - Ahorristas Estafados or AE; National Workers Central or CNT; Paraguayan Workers Confederation or CPT; Roman Catholic Church; Unitary Workers Central or CUT
Population no indigenous inhabitants

note:
there are only seasonal caretakers (July 2001 est.)		 5,734,139 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - 36% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate - 2.6% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Asuncion, Villeta, San Antonio, Encarnacion
Radio broadcast stations - AM 46, FM 27, shortwave 6 (three inactive) (1998)
Radios - 925,000 (1997)
Railways - total:
971 km

standard gauge:
441 km 1.435-m gauge

narrow gauge:
60 km 1.000-m gauge

note:
there are 470 km of various gauges that are privately owned
Religions - Roman Catholic 90%, Mennonite, and other Protestant
Sex ratio - at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.85 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal and compulsory up to age 75
Telephone system - general assessment:
meager telephone service; principal switching center is Asuncion

domestic:
fair microwave radio relay network

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 290,475 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 510,000 (2001)
Television broadcast stations - 4 (2001)
Terrain low with sand and coral grassy plains and wooded hills east of Rio Paraguay; Gran Chaco region west of Rio Paraguay mostly low, marshy plain near the river, and dry forest and thorny scrub elsewhere
Total fertility rate - 4.11 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate - 16% (2000 est.)
Waterways none 3,100 km
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